Oil and natural gas reserves

Petroleum Natural Gas India:

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Petroleum

• Petroleum is obtained from sedimentary rocks. Most of the oil reserves in India are associated with and fault traps in the sedimentary rocks.
• India is the 3^rd oil consuming nation in the world as it consumes 230 million tonnes of oil and oil products per year(2022-23).
• The estimated reserves of crude oil in India in 2018 stood 49 million tones, ranking 24th in the world and accounting for about 0.3% of the world's total oil reserves.
• India import 82% of its oil needs and aims to bring it down to 67% by 2022 by replacing it with local exploration, renewable energy and ethanol fuel.

 

Oil producing regions in india:

(a) Assam Oil Region

• It is India's most important and oldest oil region. The main sites are Digboi, Naharkatia, Moran-hugrijan and Surma river valley.
• Natural gas is also found in Hugrijan-Moran

 

(b) Gujarat Oil Region

• The major oil areas in Gujarat are Khambat and Ankleshwar while other important oil producing regions are N awagaon, Kosamba, Olpad, Dholka, Mehsana and Kalol.
• Mineral oil has also been found in Aliabet Island, 45 km away from Bhavnagar in Saurashtra region (Gujarat).

 

(c) Mumbai High Region           

• Mumbai High region is located 176 km away from Mumbai coast, is also an important oil region. The mineral oil exploration started in this region since 1976.
• The ship named Sagar Samrat was called from Japan to extract oil from deep oceanic part of this region.
  Moreover, 60% of the total oil produced in the country is extracted from this region.

 

• The mineral production in the off-shore regions is not considered part of state explorations rather it is mentioned separately. Therefore, its production is not included in the production of Maharashtra.
• Gujarat - The largest producer of crude oil and natural gas in India is Gujarat.
• Krishna Godavari basin -At present, mineral oil is also extracted from the Ravva oil blocks in Krishna Godavari basin.
• Rajasthan -Cairn Energy and ONGC have jointly started producing oil at commercial level from Mangala oil field in Rajasthan. It was the biggest on-shore discovery of the last two decades. Bhagyam and Aishwarya oil fields in Rajasthan are also having large amounts of oil reserves. It has been estimated that 1 million barrel of oil can be extracted from all the three oil fields. Mangala oil field can produce 20% of domestic production for next two years.